Special
Report:
New Internet Regulations for
Singapore
In
conjunction with the newly announced Singapore 21 plan, the Government has
unveiled plans to address the problem of traffic congestion on the
Information Highway.
Called the National Internet
Traffic Planning Information Committee (NITPIC), this high-level
multi-agency body comprises MinInfoCom, LTA and IDA officials, and will
look into the issues of traffic congestion in the data networks and
introduce policies and regulations aimed
to solve these problems.
Reasons for the New
Regulations
According to a spokesperson from
NITPIC, Director of Policy, Mrs. Chin Chia Lark, the Internet in Singapore
has grown tremendously since 1992 and the carrying capacity of our
information throroughfares have been exceeded.
According to Mrs. Chin, "We
have seen an increase in the number of Internet users of 20,000% while
available bandwidth has only grown by 3000%. If this trend were to
continue, we would soon see a degradation of network performance, with
negative consequences on our economy and global competitiveness, leading
to social chaos caused by disaffected Internet users
who are unable to load their favourite web pages."
A random poll of Internet users
in Singapore has shown that web pages with plenty of colourful graphics
are more popular than others with just text.
Furthermore, streaming audio and
video sites have increased, adding strain to the network. People have been
downloading more on the Internet as they become more sophisticated.
Mr. Chin Chee Hong is a typical
Internet user whose favourite hobby is photography.
He downloads an average of
a hundred photographs off the Internet every week. He says that these
pictures inspire him and helps him find interesting poses for his
favourite model and photographic subject, who is his girlfriend, Ms. Nina
Kan.
Ms. Kan says, "He has been
teaching me a lot of things. Must be this Internet thing. He is also more
happy at night."
Mr. Chin adds, "Last time I can download two hundred pictures a week, but
now, the network 'see beh' slow and I only get one hundred. This really
'too lan' man."
Licensing Users on the
Internet
By next year, NITPIC expects to
draft a new law, making it mandatory for all Internet users to be
licensed. In order to operate a computer on the Information Highway, all
users will have to sit for a Basic I-way Code test,
an Advanced Theory test as well as a Practical Exam involving actual
navigation on crowded areas of the Net.
Testing centres will be set up to
administer these tests, which will
encompass diverse areas of Internet usage, such as learning to handle junk
mail and proper Netiquette, including
the appropriate use of the various smiley signs.
New users who pass the Basic I-way Code will
be granted a provisional license, but will
have to use an e-mail address
prefixed by an 'L'. They cannot operate computers
on the Internet alone, but must have a qualified and licensed Internet
user beside them while they surf. Learners are limited to 9600 baud
modems, may only surf to certain sites, and are limited in how much e-mail
they can send and receive.
Users who pass both the Advanced
and Practical Exams will be eligible for a Probational License. They have
to display a 'P' sign in their e-mail address for one year. P users have a
speed limit of 14.4K and although they may start posting on newsgroups and
participate in chats, they are strongly encouraged to lurk for a few
months, avoiding indiscriminate postings and becoming the target of flame
mail.
"P users tend to be picked
on by more experienced users and we strongly urge them to be more careful
on the Internet. They have to learn to be more responsible users too,
which is why the one year period is considered beneficial for them,"
explained Mr See Beh Chim, Director of Research at NITPIC.
Modem Tax and COEs
A new tax surcharge will be
levied on modems, depending on their speeds. Known as the COE or
Certificate of Online Eligibility, each user is limited to one basic
modem, but may obtain rebates by scrapping older modems when they upgrade
to a faster one. This is to limit the number of modems in circulation.
Prices for COEs range from $1 for 9600 baud Learner modems, to luxury DSL
and Cable modems which can cost as much as $100 or more.
Because of the fear that the
supply is limited, speculators have already driven up the price of a
1.5Mbps DSL modem to nearly $500, according to a survey of Sim Lim Tower
conducted by NITPIC.
"This is an unfortunate but
not unexpected consequence of the law of supply and demand," said Mr.
See. "We have to inculcate responsible and frugal use of Internet
resources in Singapore. There is no free lunch. Access to the Net is not a
right but a privilege. In our merit-based and market-oriented economy, if
you think you deserve the privilege, you will have to pay more for it.
Government subsidies for modems are not a solution. You have to earn the
right to use the Internet."
Demerit Points for Internet
Traffic Offences
The most controversial part of
the new regulations is the enforcement of Internet traffic violations.
NITPIC will spearhead the formation of the
They will be looking out for
people who abuse the networks, people who break speed limits, contribute
inflammatory or insensitive postings, spread junk mail and viruses, create
congestion by heavy downloads of illegal Napster music, and hogging modem
lines at ISPs, for example.
A comprehensive list of offences
is being drawn up by NITPIC at the moment. Offenders will be punished by a
system of demerit points and fines. Internet abusers who accumulate more
than 24 points in 2 years will have their licenses revoked. Director of
Enforcement, Mr. See Beh Siong comments, "Some people have brought up
the bad habit of Internet Bullies, who go around harassing other users,
sending them junk mail or forcing them off websites. These people are a
nuisance and these laws will go a long way towards curbing this."
ALS, CBD and ERP
An Access Licensing Scheme (ALS)
for Commercial and Business Datazone (CBD) will also be introduced.
During working hours, users who
enter an e-commerce site designated as being within the CBD will have to
pay a surcharge. A monthly discounted license is available for users who
have to enter the CBD daily. An innovative system of monitoring Internet
usage, the E-commerce Resource Pricing scheme, will electronically tag
each user as they enter or leave the CBD.
Although some industry experts
have commented that such a move might hinder the development of e-commerce
in Singapore, NITPIC officials explained that the revenues generated will
actually improve the national infrastructure for IT in Singapore.
"Nothing is for free," said Mr. See Beh Ho, Director of
Incentives for NITPIC, "We have to charge users in order to maintain
the existing networks and to pay for upgrades and improvements."
To offset some of these concerns,
a special licensing scheme is planned for Internet users who surf only
during working hours, since Internet peak usage occurs during weekends.
Known as the Weekday Computer scheme, users pay less COE in order to
operate their computers during these off-peak hours. By so doing, NITPIC
hopes to encourage more users to wisely allocate their time spent surfing.
"Of course, we do not want to send the message that it is OK to
perform non-work related Internet activity during office hours," said
Mr. See, adding that, "We know that the Internet has created a lot of
interest in digital photography and movies and the number of MPEGs, GIFs
and JPEGs downloaded have been increasing. We are not sure why this is so,
but our research department is working on it. It is good to have hobbies
outside of work, but we cannot condone people mixing pleasure with
official duties."
Too Much Regulation?
Will these measures work?
Mr. Chin thinks the authorities
are going too far. "Alamak, now download also cannot. Must pay and
pay to enjoy my hobby. Is this illegal meh? I use my
computer everyday for over two years, and I'm expert already. Why need to
take a test and get my license? The waiting period is so long. Who says
I'm not a good Internet user? I
go to Sim Lim and buy software and VCDs. This called technopreneurship.
What's wrong if I share software and photos with friends on the Internet.
This is the New Economy or what?"
In response to such criticism,
NITPIC's Chairman, Mr. K.N. Naidu responded, "People say that we have
too many rules and regulations. However, if we do not do something
responsible about the growing traffic problem we cannot be good citizens
and contribute to the global new economy. The Internet is a good place and
forum for exchanging information and for e-commerce.